WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Aniket Goel and Roopal Mittal*

ABSTRACT

SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of potentially fatal COVID-19 disorder i.e. highly transmittable and Pathogenic viral infection that led to severe respiratory disorders and has become a great global public health concern due to increased globalization and adaptation of the virus in environment.The genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 showed greater similarity around 89-96.3% with bats viruses phylogenetically, revealed that bats could be primary reservoir of causing COVID-19 infection. Hence, it is an urgency to produce therapeutics effects against SARS-COV-2. Here, we have discussed about the protein structure, genomic sequence, varying symptoms among SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, replication and pathophysiology, diagnostic test along with treatment used clinically. Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was the diagnostic technique that can amplify the genetic material in the sample with the help of primers and probes, thus led to identification of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Serological testing played an integral role in vaccine development and determination of epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Plasma and antibodies obtained from the convalescent patients have been proposed for use in treatment. There are various drugs that are being evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery, but till no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. However some suggestive approaches were taken to minimize the spread of COVID-19 infection that will significantly reduce the strain of health care workers. The aim of this review is to enlighten the corona viruses in detail as it will be the need of an hour. The SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and spread globally, prompting an international effort to accelerate development of a vaccine that will focus on spike protein.

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