WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Review Journal for Medical Science and Pharma Professionals

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

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Indexing

  Indexing

  • Google Scholar
  • Index Copernicus
  • SOCOLAR, China
  • Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN
  • Cosmos Impact Factor
  • Scientific Indexing Services (SIS)
  • UDLedge Science Citation Index
  • International Impact Factor Services
  • International Society for Research Activity (ISRA) Journal Impact Factor (JIF)
  • Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF)
  • IFSIJ Measure of Journal Quality
  • International Scientific Indexing, UAE (ISI) (Under Process)
  • International Impact Factor Services (IIFS)
  • Web of Science Group (Under Process)
  • Directory of Research Journals Indexing
  • Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI)
  • International Scientific Indexing ( ISI )
  • Academia
  • Scope Database
  • Research Publication Rating and Indexing
  • Doi-Digital Online Identifier
  • ISSN National Centre
  • Zenodo Indexing
  • International CODEN Service, USA

Abstract

HEALTH HAZARDS OF ENGINEERING COMPOSITE MATERIALS USED IN MARINE TRANSPORTATION: EXPOSURE PATHWAYS, TOXICOLOGICAL RISKS, AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Gurcan Atakok*, Dudu Mertgenc Yoldas

ABSTRACT

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites—primarily GFRP and CFRP—deliver corrosion resistance and weight savings in ships and marine systems, yet their lifecyle health hazards across manufacturing, operation, maintenance, fire events, and end of life are underexamined. This paper synthesizes occupational and public health risks associated with resins (epoxy, vinylester/polyester), hardeners (amines), styrene monomer, fibrous dust (glass and carbon fibers), and smoke/toxic gases from composite fires, alongside microplastics released from coatings and FRP degradation. Drawing on experimental evidence of seawater aging in CFRP/GFRP single lap joints (moisture uptake, mechanical changes), it is exposured pathways (inhalation, dermal, ingestion), health outcomes (neurotoxicity, dermatitis/sensitization, respiratory irritation, potential carcinogenicity for certain vitreous fibers), and practical controls (engineering, administrative, PPE) aligned with IMO/SOLAS fire safety equivalence principles. It is proposed a risk mitigation checklist for shipyards and operators and outline research gaps in dermal uptake biomarkers for epoxy systems and quantitative microplastic health risk from marine sources.

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