WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Duraid Khalil Ibrahim, Abdulhadi Mohammed Tarkh, Amer Ahmed Abdullah Al-Qaftan

ABSTRACT

Background: Vitamin D is a hormone that affects bone integrity. Extra-skeletal Vitamin D effects have recently gained significant attention. Vitamin D deficiency may lead to type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D may improve insulin action by modulating receptor expression, potentially increasing insulin sensitivity. Vitamin D anti-inflammatory properties are crucial for insulin production and sensitivity, as inflammation is a leading cause of insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, and associated complications. Objectives: Is to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose management, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind. The study included adults aged 30 to 65 with type II diabetes, normal renal function, HbA1c ≥ 6 (42 mmol/mol), hypovitaminosis D (serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2). Participants were assessed at consultation clinic of Al-Tuz General Hospital from January 2024 to April 2025. The questionnaire includes three sections, section one for demographic information, section two for the patients’ anthropometric measurements, section three for the investigation results. Results: The study included 50 patients, distributed into 2 groups (25 patients received Vitamin D and another 25 patients received placebo). Among those who received Vitamin D, 14 patients were males and 11 were females, while among those who received placebo 13 patients were males and 12 patients were females. The mean age ± standard deviation of the study participants was 51.24 ± 5.63 years. No statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding their gender (P value = 0.649) and age (P value = 0.389). Moreover, no statistically significant difference between them regarding their BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio and duration of diabetes (P value > 0.05) for all of them. On the other hand, statistically significant difference was shown with regard to post intervention glycated hemoglobin and insulin level (P value <0.001) for both of them. Furthermore; within the same group, statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding baseline and post intervention levels of HDL, glycated hemoglobin and insulin (P value <0.001) for all of them. Conclusion: In patients with type 2 diabetes, Vitamin D supplementing may regulate blood sugar levels; however, there was no positive effect in the lipid profile, with the exception of HDL-C concentration.