WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Ahmed Mohammed Saeed Abdullah, Fawaz Mahmood Mustafa AlFaqi, Dr. Sabah Shalal Hussein

ABSTRACT

Background: Cardiac diseases, particularly myocardial infarctions, are a major global health issue, often found in asymptomatic individuals. Identifying high-risk patients is crucial, with coronary calcium as a key marker for early atherosclerosis. Patients and Methods: This study examined 60 patients with significant chest pain across three Iraqi cardiac centers from June 2022 to March 2023. The patients underwent ECG, echocardiography, and CT scans to assess calcium scores, focusing on those at low to intermediate ischemic heart disease risk and excluding individuals with prior major cardiac events. Demographic data were collected for 10-year ASCVD risk assessment, and statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results: The study assessed 60 patients suspected of coronary artery diseases, with an average age of 56.7 years. Demographic distribution showed 38.3% aged 50-59. Health conditions included hypertension (46.7%), diabetes (23.3%), dyslipidemia (10%), and smoking (16.7%). ASVCD scores revealed 35% low risk, 48.3% intermediate, and 16.7% high risk, while calcium scores for the LAD, LCX, and RCA averaged 71.6, 29.4, and 22.2, respectively. Agatston classifications showed 36.6% very mild CAC, 20% mild, 26.7% moderate, and 16.7% severe. Severe CAD correlated significantly with age, male gender, and diabetes. A CAC score of 34.7 predicted severe CAD with 100% sensitivity and 85% accuracy. Conclusions: The coronary artery calcium score is an important predictor of severe coronary artery diseases. A score of 34.7 predicts severe disease accurately. Key risk factors include advanced age, male gender, and diabetes mellitus.