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Abstract
A PURVIEW OF SHAD RASA AND VIPAK: ITS ATTRIBUTES AND ACTIONS AS MENTIONED BY VARIOUS TEXTS
*Chitre R. R.
ABSTRACT
Ayurveda emphasizes Rasa (taste) as the foundation of dietetics and pharmacology. The six tastes (Shad Rasa)—Madhura (sweet), Amla (sour), Lavana (salty), Katu (pungent), Tikta (bitter), and Kashaya (astringent)—each possess distinct Mahabhuta compositions, attributes (guna), and actions (karma). Their effects extend to doshas, dhatus, and malas, with imbalances resulting in disease. Beyond Rasa, Vipaka (post-digestive transformation) and Virya (potency) govern the deeper pharmacodynamics of substances. The hierarchy of action—Rasa → Vipaka → Virya → Prabhava—reflects the multi-layered Ayurvedic approach to therapeutics. Classical texts, including Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, provide elaborate accounts of Shad Rasa and Vipaka, their physiological roles, and the complications of excess intake. Select modern studies affirm these concepts, linking Vipaka with metabolic transformations and Rasa with pharmacological action. This article presents a comprehensive review of the attributes and actions of Shad Rasa and Vipaka as detailed in authoritative texts, along with their clinical and applied significance.
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