WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Noor Yousif Kataa and Sally Alaa Mohammed Ridha

ABSTRACT

Background: Aging is increasingly recognized as a global phenomenon, with both developed and developing nations witnessing a significant rise in the elderly population. Mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and stress are commonly observed among older adults and can profoundly impact their well-being and overall societal health. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among elderly patients attending two geriatric clinics in Baghdad, Iraq, during the period from February 1st to July 31st, 2024. A total of 400 participants were included, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of two parts: The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and sociodemographic variables. Results: The findings revealed that approximately one-quarter of the participants experienced symptoms of depression and anxiety, while stress was less commonly reported. Significant associations were observed between depression and marital status, with widowed individuals reporting higher depression levels. Anxiety showed significant associations with gender, employment status, and monthly income, where higher levels were noted among females, housewives or unemployed individuals, and those with lower income. Stress was significantly associated with age and marital status, with older participants (≥80 years), singles, and divorced individuals reporting higher stress levels. Conclusion: a notable proportion of the elderly population in Baghdad is affected by depression and anxiety, with stress being comparatively less prevalent. Sociodemographic factors such as age, marital status, employment, and income play a crucial role in mental health, highlighting the need for comprehensive, socially inclusive interventions to support elderly mental well-being.